American Quarter Horse

Embraced by beginners and professional equestrians all around the world, the American quarter horse is famous for agility, docility, and athleticism. Originally bred during the 1600s from English and Spanish thoroughbreds crossed with local breeds such as the Native American Chickasaw horse, it has the largest breed registry in the world. These horses are shining stars on the trail and in the show ring. Keeping them isn’t difficult, as they need a basic grooming routine and can be fed a diet that consists of various hays and grains, as well as treats that include fruits and vegetables.

Arabian

The Arabian has the oldest horse breed registry in the world. Its lineage goes as far back as 3000 B.C. In fact, every light horse breed, including Appaloosas, Morgans, and Andalusians, can trace their ancestry back to the Arabian. This can be a rather spirited horse, so not all beginners can handle them. But they’re also generally a loving and loyal horse. In terms of care, they may need less food compared to other breeds, and a standard grooming routine will be sufficient to keep them looking beautiful.

Thoroughbred

Thoroughbreds are the most popular racing horse in North America. This breed is considered “hot-blooded,” which means it’s known for agility, speed, and spirit. This is a fine multipurpose horse that often has a career in other equestrian competitions besides racing, such as dressage and jumping. Or they simply live as a companion animal kept for pleasure riding. Because of their fast metabolism, you might need to feed a thoroughbred more food than other breeds, but a standard equine diet should be sufficient. Also, gentle grooming is best for these horses because their skin tends to be more sensitive.

Appaloosa

The colorful spotted Appaloosa was originally developed for hunting and battle by the Nez Perce Native Americans. The breed is believed to be a descendant of wild horses mixed with the thoroughbred, American quarter horse, and Arabian. This hardy, versatile horse is great for herding, pleasure riding, long-distance trail riding, and more. Their diet can consist of hay, grass, grains, fruits, and vegetables, as well as vitamin and mineral supplements. White horses might need more frequent grooming, including baths with horse shampoo, and these horses might need sunscreen to protect against sun damage.

Morgan

The strength and elegance of the Morgan have made it a popular horse breed. As the official horse breed of Vermont, the muscle of the Morgan was used for clearing and tilling New England farms during colonial times. Today, this is a popular driving and riding horse. They’re surefooted over rough trail and dignified in the show ring. Because they’re easy keepers, they don’t need as much food as other breeds, and a standard grooming routine is all you need to keep their skin and coat clean and healthy.

Warmbloods

In equine circles, the terms “hot-blooded,” “warm-blooded,” and “cold-blooded” are used to categorize a horse’s temperament, size, and origin. Medium-size horses, including the American quarter horse, Hanoverian, Cleveland bay, and Canadian, are considered warmbloods with a European heritage. They contain a touch of the spirit you get from lithe, “hot-blooded” thoroughbreds or Arabians combined with the calm demeanor of “cold-blooded” working horses. And that balanced temperament makes for a popular horse.

Ponies

Ponies are another popular category of horses. In most cases, a horse that’s fully grown at 14.2 hands (57 inches) or less is considered a pony. There are two exceptions: the miniature horse and the Icelandic horse. The plucky Shetland and elegant Welsh are popular breeds of ponies. With their short stature, they are often excellent first horses for children.

Grade Horses

Grade horse—a horse of no particular breeding—is the fancy term for the mutts of the horse world. They differ from crossbreeds because crosses are the result of known pedigreed horses that are intentionally bred. Grade horses may not have a distinguished pedigree, but they can be just as versatile and loyal as any other horse. They also generally lack many of the genetic diseases that pass through purebreds.

Gaited Breeds

Gaited horses are a category of horses that have been selectively bred for a smooth ride or ambling gait. These horses tend to go at an intermediate speed with a four-beat movement. Breeds including the Tennessee walking horse, Kentucky mountain saddle horse, Icelandic horse, and Paso Fino are popular choices for older riders, those who have joint issues, and anyone else looking for a bounce-free ride.

Draft Breeds

Draft horses are cold-blooded, heavy horses known for doing work pulling heavy loads. Historically, they were also used in battle to carry the weight of heavily armored soldiers. These horses have thick coats and manes that enable them to endure cold weather, and they tend to have tranquil temperaments.1

 The Clydesdale, Percheron, Shire, and Belgian are some popular examples of these gentle giants. In addition, draft horse crossbreeds can be ideal first horses, as they’re often docile and loving.